To understand the nature of God, to understand His being, is completely indescribable, unimaginable. No human being can describe Him, for we were created by Him. We are only human being living in a world; no man can know what is outside a box unless he is outside the box. No matter how many research he do inside that box with all his materials, he can never find out what is outside the box, for he never see it. But even somehow in miracle we see God face to face; can we know God by seeing Him?
As we read the Bible, we tend to understand the heart of God rather about His nature. I believe that is His intention for His people and even for us. Understand His nature might show us how He exist, but understand His heart, I guess that show us how we exist. Throughout the Bible from Genesis even to the New Testament, there will always have a connection between man and God, a relationship, the reason for covenant and commandments from the Old Testament to New Testament, is that we will never leave Him for other gods, that we may love Him with all our heart, our mind, and our soul. Our obedience, our holiness is that we can be close to Him, every intention and motives that God has done or make for His people is that they may have a relationship with Him.
He called us His children, and through experience a relationship with Him we know His heart, a God with unconditional love, gracious, merciful, Holy, quick to forgive and forget, Comforter and Protector, our Provider and even our source of strength, so many that have describe His character in the Bible and from there we know this is God because this is what He want us to know, that whenever we face trials, troubles, suffering or even pain and hurt, He is there for us. The whole point of living with Him is not about understand where He comes from, is about why we were made and what He can be to us, a Father. It is through what He do that we know His identity.
For you did not receive a spirit that makes you a slave again to fear, but you received the Spirit of sonship. And by him we cry, "Abba, Father." (Rom 8:15 NIV)